1) Examination of temperature:
The temperature of the hand and foot is adjusted by both the central nervous system and other specific body structures. Therefore, a change of temperature in the hand or foot is more marked than on other parts of the body.

Hand and foot temperatue may be adjusted by the feedback nerve impulses from the central nervous system and local specific structures when the body is affected by high fever, cold, irritation, depression and fury, or attacked by virus, pathogens or metabolic products. Hand and foot temperature also may be changed when functional body balance is disturbed.

The tip of the index finger is used to detect temperature changes at different parts of the hand and foot because the tip of the index finger is very sensitive to these changes. The normal body temperature is taken as the standard when evaluating temperature changes in the hand and foot. Sometimes this gives only a rough idea about the change of temperature, because it is much less sensitive than a thermometer. However, it is very convenient to use.

Examination of active movement:
When the wrist joint assumes a neutral position, the range of active movement of this joint is flexion to 50-60 degrees, dorsiflexion to 40 degrees, deviation to ulnar side to 30 degrees, and deviation to radial side to 15 degrees