Following the differentiation of the hand and foot through human development, the feet bear the responsibility of support-tag the body, and so the foot is, of course, far inferior to the hand in performing skillful movements. The anatomy of the foot, as that of the hand, has drawn the attention of scholarly investigation, although its responsibilities are simpler and less abstruse.
The feet are the lowest part of the body. When people stand and walk they must keep the body stable. For accomplishing their specific functions, the feet have a unique anatomic structure and a complicated blood supply and nervous system to regulate the body's repeated movements and constant change of posture. Mankind achieved the ability to stand up and walk on two feet through exercise over the millennia, as individuals obtain their ability to walk after exercise beginning in early child-hood. Therefore, exercise was essential to the development of the foot, and remains so. The foot is the stablizing part of the body, just as the hand is the skillful member.
In normal people, the foot is composed of 26 bones. Among them are the 7 tarsal bones: the calcaneous, talus, cuboid, navicular and 1st, 2nd and 3rd cuneiform bones; they are connected by the articular ligaments to perform dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, and rotation of the ankle joint. The 5 metatarsal bones are arranged in a parallel pattern from the big toe to the.
1-distal phalanx 2-middle phalanx 3-proximal phalanx 4-1st metacarpal bone 5-1st cuneiform bone 6-2nd cuneiform bone 7-3rd cuneiform bone 8-navicular bone 9-talus bone 10-trochlea ll-body 12-base 13-caput 14-5th metatarsal bone 15-cuboid bone 16-calcaneous bone 17-calcaneous tuberosity 18-sesamoid bone.
little toe and are numbered from 1 st to 5th. The toes contain 14 phalanges, 2 in the big toe and 3 in each of other toes, and they are numbered as 1st (proximal), 2nd (middle) and 3rd (distal) phalanx from the proximal end to distal end of a toe. The bones of the foot are connected by muscles, tendons, and fibrous bundles to perform different foot movements. (Fig. 2-20).
